The European Union and Indonesia have concluded negotiations on the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) and the Investment Protection Agreement (IPA). 

After a political agreement was reached on July 13, 2025, the process was officially completed on September 23, 2025. The negotiations, led by EU Commissioner Maroš Šefčovič, will provide new opportunities for businesses and farmers in both regions, especially in sectors like clean technology and steel. 

Under the CEPA, tariffs on agricultural products and food will gradually decrease, and strategic industries such as automobiles and chemicals will be protected. This agreement is expected to save EU exporters around €600 million annually in tariffs. It also strengthens trade based on transparency and rules, and includes provisions for sustainable development, focusing on renewable energy and environmentally friendly production.