Indonesia will require about US$31 billion in investment by 2030 and a total of US$92 billion by 2050 to transition its captive power sector to cleaner energy, according to a report from the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP). 

The captive power capacity in Indonesia reached 25.9 GW in 2024, and more than 75% is coal-fired, while about 11 GW of additional capacity is under development, mostly also coal-based. 

The investment by 2030 will be focused on expanding renewable power and battery storage, mainly using solar photovoltaic and hydropower. The report also recommended using gas in some cases to improve efficiency and better renewable integration. 

In this case, renewables are expected to account for 34% of captive generation by 2030, up to 55% by 2040, and over 80% by 2050, cutting carbon emissions by 75% in 2030 compared with a reference scenario.